British Foreign Relationships :: History

British Foreign Relationships Beginnings The first time that the British came into contact from outside people since the disappearance of the land bridge connecting the British Isles to mainland Europe occured in the year 43 A.D. This was the year that Ceasar send a Roman expeditionary force under the command of Aulus Platius to the British Isles. Although the indigenous Celtic tribesmen put up heavy initial resistance, superior armed and trained Roman Legionnairies were able to subdue them and successfully occupy Great Britian all the way up to the border of modern day Scotland. Over the course of the next 367 years, Great Britian experiences an era of relative peace under Roman rule. Celtic and Roman culture coalesced into a unique society, and Christianity was introduced to Britain. The year 410 A.D. brought about great change though, when Rome withdrew all of its occupation forces from Britain in order to fight the Goths in western Germany. This abandonment left the British people very vulnerable, and almost immediately afterwards various Scandanavian and Germanic tribes began raiding the seemingly defenseless British Isles. Three of these groups, the Anglos, the Saxons, and the Jutes, began establishing permanent settlements along England's southern coast (the word England actually descends from the country's ancient name Angliland, or Anglo Land.) After years of widespread ethnic conflict, the Anglo-Saxons had driven the indigenous Britons back to modern day Scotland and Wales, and came to dominate most of the main island. Towards the end of the first century another group begins to plunder the British Isles, they called themselves the Vikings but were known as the Danes to the Anglo-Saxons. Violent conflict erupted as the Vikings pillaged, looted, and terrorized coastal Britain. At one point, the Vikings under the leadership of King Harrod came close to actually taking over the entire island but were defeated at the battle of Dover. The British people, now united under a single government, continued to repel Viking invasion attempts until 1066, when William of Normandy defeated an exhausted and ill equiped British army at the battle of Hastings. William went to London and made himself the new king of Britain. Massive change resulted from Norman rule, establishing a new ruling class. During this period, King William, and King Henry II expanded their empire into France and Britian became a powerful nation in Europe. After the death of king Henry though, social unrest arose, which eventually manifested itself into civil war, causing British holdings in mainland Europe to erode away in a period of time known as "The war of the Roses".

Hershey Foods Corporation Essay

Suggested Discussion Questions: 3. Based on your valuation of HFC, do you feel it was fairly valued by the market before the announcement of the sale? Are the Nestle–Cadbury Schweppes and Wrigley bids fair to their own shareholders (i.e., what needs to happen in order for these bids to create value for the bidding companies)? I think that Hershey’s Foods Corporation was fairly valued by the market before the announcement of the sale. I think that many of the shareholders were not happy with the selling because it tied into the community. I think the shareholders knew that it was a good idea because they would make more money and be able to diversify the company from their sale. I do not think that Nestle-Cadbury Scweppes and Wrigley bids are fare to their shareholders because I do not think that they are getting as much say as they should within the company. In order for these bids to create more value for the bidding companies I believe the company needs to diversify. I think their best option would be stock repurchase. This would allow the to have less stocks outstanding and make the company more profitable. Final Case Exam Questions: 1. What is the nature of Wrigley’s business? Is this a healthy, growing company? What would a major recapitalization of Wrigley signal to investors? (15 points) 2. What will be the effect of issuing $3 billion in new debt and using the proceeds to repurchase shares on:(a)Wrigley’s market value per share? (15points) (b)Wrigley’s number of outstanding shares (15 points)? (c)Wrigley’s book value and market value of equity (15 points)? 3. Would book value and market value weights change as a result of the recapitalization? (10 points) 4. What is Wrigley’s WACC before the repurchase? (15 points) 5. What will be the new WACC if the repurchase is undertaken? (15 points)

Miltons Paradise Lost and His Justification of the Ways...

By Lee A. Zito When John Milton decided to write, he knew from the start he wanted his creation to be that of an epic. Paradise Lost is just that. It is Miltons own take on the biblical story of Satans fall from grace as well as mans fall. Milton was not only armed with an extensive knowledge on the Bible, but in everything a man of his time could learn. With his wisdom he emersed himself into his work, making Paradise Lost not only a tale of epic perportions, but one that would Justify the ways of God to Man. (I 26) Even before reading Paradise Lost, I had always wondered why God allowed evil, and why he allowed death. After a while I had simply accepted that God was God, and what happens, happens. Basically an act of pure faith.†¦show more content†¦In this plan for mans salvation the end shall justify Gods means. Therefore justifing the problem of evil and reasons for allowing both sin and death to exist. This ultimate plan of Gods Milton presents in Paradise Lost is also a Greater Good Defense. Still, some might not understand why God finds it necessary to put his creations through this process. Milton shows us how this process benefits mankind who has fallen from grace, and also benefits God. This process benefits man, because man will experience truth through free will. This truth is through only through God. Discovering something on ones own is much more rewarding than simply recieving it from the beginning and because man fell he must work to gain Gods salvation through being true. Being true as in true obedience, love, honor, and faith. These works of truth are standards humanity must struggle with because of the initial fall from grace and now the problem of sin and evil. There is also the truth himself, Gods Son, who comes to humanity as its salvation, permitting them to once again achieve the grace of God. All of this considered, how does this benefit God? If we make a chart with God at the top, and follow it down through all His creations capable of free will, then we would come to three different groupings capable of free will. These are the angels of heaven, the fallen angels, and humanity. God is the Father,Show MoreRelatedInnocence or Freewill? A critique of Milton’s Theodicy Using Paradise Lost)1000 Words   |  4 Pagesand bad happenings in the world, and the reasons behind it all. In Paradise Lost, by John Milton, he attempts to present the reasoning behind all the actions on Earth, positive and negative. To fully understand though, you must learn Milton’s theodicy, or the defense of Gods goodness and omnipotence in view of the existence of evil. (â€Å"Theodicy† Merriam-Webster) Part One Milton’s theodicy is his attempt to justify God’s ways to man. Not only does he reference the traditional teachings from the bibleRead MoreTaking a Look at John Milton1988 Words   |  8 PagesBlake but Milton’s career took place during the Late Renaissance and the Restoration Age. Paradise Lost and On His Blindness are two of Milton’s finest works; Milton incorporated the sacred telling’s of the Bible into these two poems by analyzing and elaborating on the teachings of Christianity to a depth that had not previously been reached. The reoccurring theme found in his work are disobedience, eternal providence and justification. Milton was not only a poet but also a scholarly man of lettersRead More Predestination in Book III of John Miltons Paradise Lost Essay1643 Words   |  7 PagesPredestination in Book III of Paradise Lost    Miltons purpose in Paradise Lost is nothing less than to assert eternal providence and justify the ways of God to men - a most daunting task.   For Milton to succeed in his endeavour, he has to unravel a number of theologiccal thorns that have troubled christian philosophers for centuries.   Since his epic poem is, essentially, a twelve book argument building to a logical conclusion - the justification of the ways of God to men - he will necessarilyRead MoreA Discussion of Milton’s Theodicy in Paradise Lost745 Words   |  3 Pagesexplains in Paradise Lost that free will is the answer to the justification of Gods ways to man. There are three parts, or triangle, of theodicy, they are that God is all powerful, all good, yet there are still bad things that happen. Milton wrote to explain and justify why there are still bad things even though God is all good, and all powerful. Milton’s answer to this is that there is all good and all power, but the bad is not Godâ⠂¬â„¢s fault. Milton has three key ideas to support his reasoning thatRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein 1646 Words   |  7 Pagesand her most famous work. References to the text Paradise lost and Greek mythology in the development of characters adds depth to a tale of creation and destruction, causing the questions Shelley asks about humanity to resonate far more poignantly with the reader. Frankenstein in many ways acts as a mirror, reflecting Milton’s Paradise Lost explicitly throughout the text. Milton’s purpose in writing Paradise Lost was to â€Å"justify the way of God to man†, this was successful in the Restoration periodRead MoreJohn Milton Opens Paradise Lost Essay2170 Words   |  9 Pagesopens Paradise lost with a brief explanation of his intent, he makes a very ambitious statement of his goal, claiming that his book would be sufficient means by which â€Å"[He might] assert Eternal Providence, / And justify the ways of God to men† (Paradise Lost 1.25-26). So the reader should treat his epic poem as the attempted justification that it is, and ask themselves this: does this argument successfully justify God’s ways? A key—perhaps even the key—part of Milton’s book, and therefore of his argumentRead MoreMilton s Paradise Lost By Milton1203 Words   |  5 PagesIn Milton’s â€Å"Paradise Lost†, Milton undertakes a major feat by justifying the way of God to man, through his re-telling of the Bible in an epic poem. His work has been criticized to be â€Å"of the Devil’s party without knowing it†; however, to take such a binary interpretation of his work undermines its complexity. It is both true and false that he wrote in â€Å"fetters† for god and â€Å"liberty† for the devil, as well justified the way he wrote however the primary question arises w as he conscious or unconsciousRead More Adam in Miltons Paradise Lost Essay1603 Words   |  7 PagesAdam in Paradise Lost: Fates Ruler - and Subject A central problem in John Miltons Paradise Lost in the theological issue of free will versus fate, a traditionally much-debated question. Free will is the condition of having control or direction over fate or destiny; the individual shapes his life and future through his actions. The opposing view, complete lack of free will (made famous by John Calvin), is predestination, which expresses the idea that our futures have been foreseen longRead MoreJohn Milton: A View of Evil vs. Ignorance Essay797 Words   |  4 Pagesbut in John Milton’s Paradise Lost, he displays a thought of the Father being the evil being, and Satan a tragic hero. In Paradise Lost, Book 1 and 2, the minor areas where God is shown, He is displayed as hypocritical. He contradicts himself by creating the humans to be of free will, but when Satan displays free will, he is shunned. Satan could be described in many terms, and by many people, but all can be disputed. According to my sources, Satan is displayed as the hero, while God is the evil deityRead MoreEssay on Satan, the Core of Milton ´s Paradise Lost1308 Words   |  6 PagesThe great debate whether Satan is the hero of Milton’s Epic Poem, Paradise Lost, has been speculated for hundreds of years. Milton, a writer devoted to theology and the appraisal of God, may not have intended for his portrayal of Satan to be marked as heroic. Yet, this argument is valid and shares just how remarkable the study of literature can be. Milton wrote his tale of the fall of man in the 1674. His masterpiece is an example of how ideas of a society change with time. This is because it wasn’t